Munyori wenyaya dzesainzi wekuBritain HG Wells akamboti: “Pandinoona murume mukuru achitasva bhasikoro, handizoregi ramangwana revanhu.” Eins ane chirevo chakakurumbira pamusoro pemabhasikoro, achiti “Hupenyu hwakafanana nekutasva bhasikoro. Kana uchida kuramba wakagadzikana, unofanira kuramba uchifambira mberi.” Mabhasikoro anonyanya kukosha kuvanhu here? Bhasikoro, iro vanhu vazhinji vanoshandisa nhasi kugadzirisa rwendo rwe "maira ekupedzisira", rave richiputsa sei zvipingamupinyi zvekirasi uye zvepabonde?

Mubhuku rinonzi “Bicycle: Wheel of Liberty” rakanyorwa nemunyori wekuBritain Robert Payne, anosanganisa nhoroondo yetsika nehunyanzvi hwetekinoroji hwemabhasikoro neruzivo rwake nemanzwiro ake semunhu anofarira mabhasikoro uye anofarira mabhasikoro, zvichitivhurira ruzivo. Makore enhoroondo akajekesa nyaya dzerusununguko pa“Wheel of Liberty”.

Munenge mugore ra1900, mabhasikoro akava nzira yekufambisa yemazuva ese yemamiriyoni evanhu. Kekutanga munhoroondo yevanhu, vashandi vakatanga kufamba-famba—vaivawo nekwaniso yekufamba-famba, dzimba dzaive dzakazara nevanhu dzakanga dzava dzisina vanhu, nzvimbo dzekugara dzakawedzera, uye nzvimbo yemaguta mazhinji yakachinja nekuda kweizvozvo. Pamusoro pezvo, vakadzi vakawedzera rusununguko nemukana wekutasva mabhasikoro, uye kutasva mabhasikoro kwatova chinhu chinochinja mukurwira kwenguva refu kwevakadzi kodzero yekusarudza kodzero yevhoti.

Kufarirwa kwebhasikoro kwadzikira zvishoma munguva yemotokari. "Pakati pema1970, pfungwa yetsika yebhasikoro yakanga yasvika pakusazivikanwa muBritain. Rakanga risisiri kuonekwa senzira inoshanda yekufambisa, asi sechitoyi. Kana kuti zvakatoipa—zvinhu zvinotyisa zvemotokari.” Zvinokwanisika here kuti bhasikoro rikurudzire vanhu vakawanda sezvaraiita kare, kuchengetedza vanhu vakawanda vari mumutambo uyu, kuwedzera mutambo uyu muchimiro, chiyero uye hutsva? Payne anonzwa kuti kana wakambonzwa kufara uye wakasununguka paunenge uchitasva bhasikoro, "saka tinogovana chimwe chinhu chakakosha: Tinoziva kuti zvese zviri pabhasikoro."

Pamwe chinhu chikuru chinokonzerwa nemabhasikoro ndechekuti anoputsa zvipingamupinyi zveboka revanhurume nevanhukadzi, uye mweya wedemokrasi waunounza hausi simba revanhu ivavo. Munyori wekuBritain HG Wells, akambotumidzwa zita rekuti "mukundi webhasikoro" neimwe nhoroondo yehupenyu hwake, akashandisa bhasikoro iri mumabhuku ake akati wandei kuratidza shanduko huru munharaunda yeBritain. "The Wheels of Chance" yakaburitswa muna 1896 yakabudirira. Mutambi mukuru weHoopdriver, mubatsiri wemugadziri wemachira wepasi-pasi, akasangana nemukadzi wepamusoro-soro parwendo rwebhasikoro. Akabva kumba. , "Kufamba kuenda kumaruwa nebhasikoro" kuratidza "rusununguko" rwake. Wells anoshandisa izvi kuseka hurongwa hwemagariro evanhu muBritain uye kuti hwakakanganiswa sei nekuuya kwebhasikoro. Mumugwagwa, Hoopdriver akaenzana nemukadzi. Paunotasva bhasikoro mumugwagwa wemaruwa muSussex, tsika dzemagariro evanhu dzemapfekero, mapoka, makodhi, mitemo netsika dzinotsanangura mapoka akasiyana dzinongonyangarika.

Hazvigone kutaurwa kuti mabhasikoro akatanga sangano revakadzi, zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti kukura kwezviviri izvi kwakabatana. Kunyange zvakadaro, bhasikoro iri rakachinja zvakanyanya mukurwira kodzero dzevakadzi kwenguva refu. Vagadziri vemabhasikoro, zvechokwadi, vanoda kuti vakadzi vatasve mabhasikorowo. Vave vachigadzira mabhasikoro evakadzi kubva pakatanga kugadzirwa mabhasikoro muna 1819. Bhasikoro rakachengeteka rakachinja zvese, uye kutasva mabhasikoro kwakava mutambo wekutanga waifarirwa nevakadzi. Pakazosvika 1893, mabhasikoro ese aidiwa.vagadziri vaigadzira mamodheru evakadzi.