Mabhasikoro emagetsi ave chinhu chitsva chinozivikanwa munyika yekufamba netsoka nekuda kwekushandisa kwawo zviri nyore uye dhizaini isingakuvadzi nharaunda. Vanhu vari kuishandisa senzira itsva yekufamba netsoka uye kutakura vanhu kure nekure.
Asi bhasikoro rekutanga remagetsi rakazvarwa riini? Ndiani akagadzira bhasikoro remagetsi uye ndiani anoritengesa mukutengesa?
Tichapindura mibvunzo iyi inonakidza sezvatichakurukura nhoroondo inoshamisa yemabhasikoro emagetsi yemakore anoda kusvika 130. Saka, ngatizvitaurei nekukurumidza.
Pakazosvika gore ra2023, mabhasikoro emagetsi anoda kusvika mamiriyoni makumi mana achave ari pamugwagwa. Zvisinei, mavambo ayo aive chiitiko chakareruka uye chisina basa, kubvira kuma1880, apo Europe yainyanya kufarira mabhasikoro nemavhiri matatu.
ndiye akatanga kugadzira bhasikoro remagetsi muna 1881. Akaisa mota yemagetsi pabhasikoro remagetsi rekuBritain, ndokuva mugadziri wekutanga wemabhasikoro emagetsi pasi rose. Akabudirira mumigwagwa yeParis pabhasikoro remagetsi, asi akakundikana kuwana patent.
yakavandudza pfungwa ye ​ nekuwedzera mabhatiri kumota ine matatu uye mota yayo. Kugadzika kwese kwemabhatiri ane matatu kwairema mapaundi angangoita mazana matatu, izvo zvakaonekwa sezvisingashande. Zvinoshamisa kuti mota iyi ine mavhiri matatu yaimhanya mamaira makumi mashanu paavhareji yekumhanya kwe12 mph, izvo zvinoshamisa kune chero zviyero.
Kufambira mberi kukuru mumabhasikoro emagetsi kwakauya muna 1895, apo mota yehub yekumashure ine nzira yekutyaira zvakananga yakapihwa patent. Kutaura zvazviri, ichiri mota inonyanya kushandiswa mumabhasikoro emagetsi. Akashandisa mota yakakweshwa yakagadzira nzira yebhasikoro remagetsi remazuva ano.
Yakaunza mota yemagetsi inonzi planetary gear hub motor muna 1896, zvichiwedzera kuvandudza dhizaini yemabhasikoro emagetsi. Uye zvakare, yakamhanyisa e-bike kwemakiromita mashoma. Mumakore mashoma akatevera, e-bikes yakaedzwa zvakaoma, uye takaona kuiswa kwemota dzepakati nepakati nedzinotyaira. Zvisinei, rear hub motor ndiyo yave injini huru yemabhasikoro emagetsi.
Makumi emakore akatevera akanga asina kunaka kune mae-bikes. Kunyanya, Hondo Yenyika II yakamisa kugadzirwa kwemae-bikes nekuda kwekusagadzikana kuri kuramba kuchienderera mberi uye kuuya kwemotokari. Zvisinei, mabhasikoro emagetsi akawana mukana mutsva muma19030 apo uye vakabatana kugadzira mabhasikoro emagetsi ekushandiswa mubhizinesi.
Vakatanga kushambadza mabhasikoro avo emagetsi muna 1932. Zvadaro, vagadziri vakaita sevakazopinda mumusika wemabhasikoro emagetsi muna 1975 na1989 zvichiteerana.
Zvisinei, makambani aya achiri kushandisa mabhatiri enickel-cadmium nelead-acid, zvichideredza zvakanyanya kumhanya uye huwandu hwemabhasikoro emagetsi.
Mukupera kwema1980 nekutanga kwema1990, kugadzirwa kwebhatiri re lithium-ion kwakagadzira nzira yebhasikoro remagetsi remazuva ano. Vagadziri vanogona kuderedza huremu hwemabhasikoro emagetsi zvakanyanya uku vachiwedzera huwandu hwawo, kumhanya uye mashandiro awo nemabhatiri e lithium-ion. Zvinobvumirawo vatyairi kuchaja mabhatiri avo kumba, zvichiita kuti mabhasikoro emagetsi ave akakurumbira. Uyezve, mabhatiri e lithium-ion anoita kuti mabhasikoro emagetsi ave akareruka uye akakwana pakufamba netsoka.
Mabhasikoro emagetsi akaita kufambira mberi kukuru muna 1989 nekuunzwa kwebhasikoro remagetsi na. Gare gare, rakazozivikanwa sebhasikoro remagetsi rinobatsirwa nepedal. Iyi nzira inobvumira mota yemagetsi kutanga kana mutyairi achifambisa bhasikoro. Saka, inosunungura mota yemagetsi kubva pamagetsi uye inoita kuti dhizaini ive nyore uye iri nyore kushandisa.
Muna 1992, mabhasikoro emagetsi anobatsira nepedal akatanga kutengeswa. Yavewo sarudzo yakachengeteka yemabhasikoro emagetsi uye ikozvino ndiyo dhizaini yakakurumbira yemabhasikoro ese emagetsi.
Mukutanga kwema2000 nekutanga kwema2010, kufambira mberi mune tekinoroji yemagetsi neyemagetsi kwaireva kuti vagadziri vemabhasikoro emagetsi vaigona kushandisa michina yakasiyana-siyana yemagetsi mumabhasikoro avo. Vakaunza zvinhu zvinodzora gasi nepedal assist pamabhawa. Vanosanganisirawo chiratidziro chine e-bhasikoro chinoita kuti vanhu vatarise mileage, kumhanya, hupenyu hwebhatiri, nezvimwe kuti vakwanise kutyaira zvakachengeteka uye zviri nani.
Pamusoro pezvo, mugadziri akabatanidza app yefoni kuti iongorore bhasikoro remagetsi ari kure. Saka, bhasikoro iri rakachengetedzwa kubva pakubiwa. Uyezve, kushandiswa kwemasensa akasiyana kunovandudza mashandiro uye mashandiro ebhasikoro remagetsi.
Nhoroondo yemabhasikoro emagetsi inoshamisa zvechokwadi. Kutaura zvazviri, mabhasikoro emagetsi ndiwo aive mota dzekutanga kufamba nemabhatiri uye kufamba mumugwagwa pasina vashandi, kunyangwe mota dzisati dzamboshandiswa. Nhasi, kufambira mberi uku kunoreva kuti mabhasikoro emagetsi ave sarudzo huru yekudzivirira zvakatipoteredza nekuderedza gasi neruzha. Zvakare, mabhasikoro emagetsi akachengeteka uye ari nyore kutasva uye ave nzira inozivikanwa zvikuru yekufamba netsoka munyika dzakasiyana nekuda kwezvakanaka zvawo zvinoshamisa.